Basic emotions common to all humans include anger, fear, disgust, happiness, sadness, and surprise. An emotion family is a broad category, such as fear, and all the specific emotions related to fear such as anxiety and nervousness.
Robert Plutchik's classification system for emotions uses a "circle" to position eight basic categories of emotions that motivate various kinds of adaptive behavior. However, not all cultures view or categorize emotions this way; some do not even have a word for emotion. Others describe feelings by their physical sensations.
A cross-cultural analysis of emotional expression has led Paul Ekman and his colleagues to argue for the universality of at least six emotions: happiness, surprise, sadness, fear, disgust, and anger. Many psychologists also add love to this list of basic emotions. This neuro-cultural theory, however, proposes that the regulation of emotion may be different across cultures.
Self-Conscious Emotions
Self-conscious emotions include shame, guilt, pride, humiliation, embarrassment, and any other emotion that occurs as a function of how well we live up to our expectations or the expectations of others.
return to top | previous page | next page
Created with SoftChalk LessonBuilder
